Connotation is the emotion that a word incites in someone. It doesn't have to do with the word's actual definition, (denotation) but is very important to its usage.
The words "puppy" and "doggy" have a good connotation, making them sound cute and diminuitive.
The words "mutt" and "hound" have a bad connotation, which makes them sound dangerous.
The words mean the same thing (they have the same denotation) but the sentence changes a lot depending on which one you choose.
As for the examples you gave, "standpoint," "view," and "perspective" are all pretty neutral. (not good or bad) However, a "bias" is a view which is clouded by something, usually personal interest. Note that not only is the connotation of this word different, but the denotation is too.
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The correct answer is B. 'She's'. When making a contraction, take the two words that you want to make into a contraction and replace at least one letter from the second word with an apostrophe.
She has
In this case, these are the words that we're trying to turn into a contraction. There really isn't any way to explain why we use 'She's' instead of 'She'as', except that 'She's' is the commonly accepted word in the English language.
She's
Now, replace the letters 'h' and 'a' with an apostrophe.
Hope this helps!