I would estimate that the first one is the answer.
I looked up the summary(s) for both the passages, and 'to build a fire' is about a guy who despite everything being against him, being persistent and dying because of his actions, while 'gumption' is about the hardships of african americans.
Of course, this is just my estimation.
When he wrote This excerpt he was referring to knowledge, he said that he reads a book a day and that knowledge was his banknote that got him so far,
Holden was narrating the story in a confusing and untrustworthy manner because he also was not sure who he was really talking about. He clearly did not want to put blame on a single person. It was also the author's intention to confuse the readers to give the twist at the end more striking.
I will give you some help for the nethergrave
in nethergrave, jeremy creates an obstacle to dating the girl he likes by: Lying about where he lives
And i think Jeremy's motivation to become a jaguar is most inspired by his needs to be free from parental control
Hope this helps
