I am pretty sure The physical structure of the earth’s rock is changed by weathering
Sugar Loaf, Portuguese Pão de Açúcar, landmark peak overlooking Rio de Janeiro and the entrance of Guanabara Bay, in southeastern Brazil. Named for its shape, the conical, granitic peak (1,296 feet [395 metres]) lies at the end of a short range between Rio de Janeiro and the Atlantic Ocean.
Thomas Jefferson if I remember correctly.
"<span>China and Manchuria" would be the best option from the list but it should be noted that they never controlled all of China. Manchuria was a "puppet" state carved out of China. </span>