Question

When he falls on the sidewalk during the winter, Jeremiah thinks, "This ice is brutal!" When he sees his friend Ed fall on the same icy sidewalk a few hours later, he laughs and says, "You are really clumsy!" Ed's attitudes in these cases reflect the impact of the
1. fundamental attribution error.
2. in-group bias.
3. actor/observer bias.
4. out-group bias.

Answer 1

Answer:

Actor/observer bias

Explanation:

In psychology, the actor/observer bias refers to the tendency to attribute our  own actions to external causes while attributing other people's behaviors to internal causes.

When the results of a situation are negative, if the negative outcome happened to the person, the person will likely attribute the outcome to external circumstances. But when it comes to other people, the person will attribute the outcome to the other person behaviors, habits or actions.

In this example, Jeremiah falls and thinks the ice is brutal. He is attributing the fall to an external circumstance (the ice). But then, when his friend Ed falls on the same spot, he says his friend is really clumsy, attributing the fall to an inner characteristic of his friend. Therefore, this would be an example of actor/observer bias.