Answer:Theory X manager
Explanation:The concept of Theory X and Theory Y was developed by social psychologist Douglas McGregor. According to this concept Theory X manager does not believe that their employees are capable , they only see their employees as individuals who are not intelligent enough , who doesn't like to work , who are not ambitious and who can't be trusted to take on responsibilities alone but who need to be monitored all the time.
They believe people are just working to earn money not because they are motivated to work. This is a manager who will use rewards and punishments as a form of motivation.
Answer:
a) product; person or household.
Explanation:
Scanner research typically focuses on product because is a system that continuously monitors the advertising, promotion, and pricing of things. So is more of a market based research in a way.
Panel research, however, focuses on a person or household, because is a method for collecting their data repeatedly, like demographic, behavioral data, in order to help conducting future studies easier.
<span>d. 4.5 billion years
is the correct choice</span>