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In May 1985, Gorbachev gave a speech in Leningrad in which he admitted the slowing of economic development, and inadequate living standards. Gorbachev and his team of economic advisors then introduced more fundamental reforms, which became known as perestroika (restructuring).
It took place in 1812 to 1814
Loyalists were American colonists who stayed loyal to the Crown during the American Revolutionary War, often called Tories, Royalists, or King's Men at the time. They were opposed by the "Patriots", who supported the revolution, and called them "persons inimical to the liberties of America".
Conflict: American Revolutionary War
