Answer:1
There are three different types of vertical marketing systems: a corporate system, a contractual system, and an administered system. The three types of vertical marketing systems are contractual, corporate and Administered. A corporate system is desenbed as one in the combination of successive stages of production and distribution under single ownership.
A contractual system is described as an independent production and distribution firms integrate their efforts on a contractual basis to obtain a greater functional economies and marketing impact than they could achieve on their own. There are three variations of contractual systems which include
1.) wholesaler sponsored voluntary chains (wholesaler develops a contractual relationship with a small independent retailer to coordinate and standardize practices)
2.) retailer sponsored (small independent retailers form an organization that operates a wholesale facility cooperatively, for example Ace Hardware company and an individual
3.) Franchising: the most visible variation of contractual systems, it is a contractual agreement between a parent that allows a franchise to operate under an established name, i.e. your family owning a McDonald's
Administered system: achieve coordination at successive stages of production and distribution by the size and influence of one channel member rather than through ownership. For example, Proctor and Gamble as well as Walmart.
Explanation:
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Answer: See explanation
Explanation:
An economic depression occurs when there's a sustained and long-term reduction the economic activities in an economy.
Depression can be a case of an extreme recession which can be fir about three years. Depression in an economy brings about the reduction on the gross domestic product of the economy and high unemployment.
Answer:
Even while the United States were crowded along the Atlantic coast, Americans developed the idea that the nation was destined to stretch across the continent. This idea was called ‘Manifest Destiny'
This idea influenced John Melish's articulation of the map of the United States of America.
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The crusades for a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Latin church in the medival period. The best known of these crusades add those to the holy land in the period between 1095 and 1291 that were intended to recover Jerusalem and surrounding area from the Islamic rule.
I think the correct answer would be D. When solving a problem, it is important that you first know the root cause of a problem. So, you ask yourself why such a problem happens to you. From that, you can trace back everything that happened and determine what is the cause.