Plants reproduce through the
process of fertilisation. Fertilisation is the process where female and male
cells join together to form an embryo inside the seed. The seed protects the
embryo in preparation for germination when conditions permit the plant to
produce new plants.
Seed plants are classified into
two types to determine reproduction. First are the Angiosperms, this type of
seed plant has flowers that have special structures for reproduction. Pollens
are made by male cells, while ovules are made by female cells. Pollens are carried
out through the process of pollination (e.g. wind blows, insects carrying
pollen). Most angiosperms that don’t undergo pollination develop intro fruits.
If it goes into pollination they become new flowering plants.
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Second classification is the
Gymnosperms, which are seed plants that are held in cones. Gymnosperms like
Angiosperms also have male and female reproductive cells. Reproduction also
occurs through pollination but most gymnosperms are trees. The best example of
a gymnosperm are pine cones. </span>
Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells.
First question - cell well
second question - bacteria do not have a membrane enclosed nucleus. the and of bacterial cells is found loose in the cytoplasm.
Answer:
a) The genes present on separate chromosomes exhibit indepedent assortment.
b) The genotype of tall and purple flower parent= TTPp
The genotype of short and purple flower parent: ttPp
Explanation:
a) In a dihybrid cross, if the genes are present on the same chromosome, they will not exhibit independent assortment. The genes present on the same chromosome are called linked genes. Linked genes are inherited together. The absence of independent assortment of a linked gene gives more of parental types in F2 progeny. Therefore, if genes are not present on a separate chromosome, Mendel’s ratios deviate.
b) Alleles for tallness and purple flower are dominant. In the progeny, all the plants are tall. This means that the dominant tall plant is homozygous. With respect to flower color, the trait exhibits segregation of dominant and recessive alleles and both purple and white flower progeny are obtained. This makes both the plants heterozygous for the flower color gene.
The genotype of tall and purple flower parent= TTPp
The genotype of short and purple flower parent: ttPp