Answer:
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Explanation:
The original Constitution of 1788 contained very few specific restrictions on the ways in which the power of the national government could be exercised against the people. It guaranteed the right to trial by jury in criminal (but not civil) cases, placed limits on prosecutions and punishments for treason, forbade bills of attainder (laws aimed at particular persons) and ex post facto laws (laws that punished conduct that was legal when it happened), limited any restrictions on habeas corpus to certain designated emergencies, and prohibited the granting of titles of nobility. But the Constitution that emerged from the 1787 Constitutional Convention contained nothing like a comprehensive bill of rights. Most state constitutions of the time had bills of rights, and many citizens—and members of the Constitutional Convention—expected the new national constitution to have one as well. Nonetheless, the state delegations at the Constitutional Convention voted 10-0 against including a bill of rights in the Constitution.
Answer:
The following are the ways a citizen can participate in the affairs of their country:
- 1) By voting in elections:
Every citizen of a democratic country has the right to vote in elections once they reach their legal voting age. This is one of the key ways a citizen can participate in the affairs of their country. By choosing a representative who they believe can strengthen the government, the citizen plays an important role as this person gets to be the next leader of the nation.
- 2) By joining political parties / political forces:
Once a citizen joins a political party, it means that he/she has understood the party ideology & finds it admirable and strengthening for the country.
- 3) By participating in party meetings:
By participating in party meetings, citizens can find out the new schemes organised by the government, the various rights they have, etc. They can also object to the policies if they have different opinions.
- 4) By becoming a representative:
Citizens not only have the right to vote but they can also stand as representatives whether individually or by joining a party. This way the cirltizen can directly interfere into the affairs of their country & express their views and opinions on the basis of public support.

NOTE:
*All these opinions are more likely to happen in democratic countries. In countries where monarchy, dictatorship or one party rule prevail, citizens might not get equal rights to participate in the affairs of their country.

Civil Rights refers to the laws that protect citizens from undue or unwarranted government intrusion into their lives, either personal or as an organization. Civil Rights are important because they help maintain equality, freedom and liberty for all citizens in a nation.