The organizing principles that are used in this paragraph are comparison and contrast; cause and effect. In the beginning, the author is giving the similarities and the differences between petroleum and coal, and moves on to talk about cause and effect in the end.
I think your answer would be B, it points forward.
Answer:
Activating background knowledge. Research has shown that better comprehension occurs when students are engaged in activities that bridge their old knowledge with the new. ...
Questioning. ...
Analyzing text structure. ...
Visualization. ...
Summarizing.
Answer:
A shallow
Explanation:
Something that is described as shallow is "of little depth". The initial description given of the canal is that of a body of water that was not deep enough to allow the passage of large ships. To solve this problem of the canal being shallow, dredgers had to be used to reach the bottom of the canal, thus increasing the depth of the canal.
After this was done, an improvement was seen in the increased number of ships plying the canal water body.
