Jim Crow laws is the name for state and local laws in the United States adopted between 1876 and 1965.
They de jure allowed racial segregation in all public institutions in the southern states of the former Confederacy, with (since 1890) status separate but equal for African-Americans.
In practice, segregation has led to conditions for African Americans being worse than those provided to white Americans, systematized in numerous economic, educational and social constraints.
Segregation was de jure mainly applied to the southern states of the USA. Segregation in the northern states has de facto existed in the areas of housing, bank lending practices and discrimination in the workplace.
