Answer: Natural selection is selection due to environmental conditions from random genetic mutations in a population. Among the variants in a population, some will be slightly better adapted to conditions and will eventually out-compete the rest of the population. Survival of the fittest actually means survival of the best adapted, or fittest for purpose, i.e. to survive and thrive.
Explanation: This phrase has caused much miunderstanding of the evolutionary process. ‘Fittest’ has been equated with biggest, or strongest or fastest, but this was a description originating in the nineteenth century, when it was understood quite differently.
Natural selection arises from genetic variation in a population. Jaques Monod, an esteemed scientist, described evolution as where chance and opportunity meet. Chance lies in the genome of a species, random mutations, and the resulting genetic variation in the population.
Opportunity lies in the environment. Environmental change creates opportunities for some, extinction for others. Opportunities can also be from exploiting new environmental niches.
Natural selection is the process by which some random genetic variation gives some of a population a competitive advantage. competition eventually results in one population out-competing all others in its niche. The end-result of competition in nature is monopoly.
But this process continues and further random mutations can result in another population becoming better adapted. That is the actual meaning of survival of the fittest: in modern terms we might say ‘fittest for purpose’, that is, the species orvpopulation best adapted to survive and thrive in that environment.
D) resonance
Look up the definition of resonance to confirm if you want
Answer:
The places where the species can thrive principally because of its characteristics is known as the fundamental niche, on the other hand, the place where the species is living is known as the realized niche. In the intertidal region, the species Balanus and Chthamalus compete for space. In comparison, Balanus is a bigger barnacle that can colonize the place more effectively than Chthamalus.
This competition for space makes Chthamalus displace into higher regions where water is not the same as in lower levels. The fundamental niche of Chthamalus comprises both lower and higher levels, while the realized niche for Chthamalus is the higher levels. In case, if the competition with Balanus was non-existent, the Chthamalus would occupy the lower levels.
Answer:
Land use planning is about more than addressing the physical layout of development, how much it will cost, where it will be located and aesthetics. Land use planning also incorporates environmental impacts such as chemical pollution, noise pollution, flooding due to the loss of trees and plants, etc. In order to meet all these requirements land use planning must draw from a wide array of disciplines' expertise.
Explanation:
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