The answer is (4) england :-)
Answer:
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Legalism
In order to prevent such deaths, a ruler had to create a body of laws which would direct people's natural inclination of self-interest toward the good of the state. A ruler had to create a body of laws which would direct people's natural inclination of self-interest toward the good of the state.
That's because the island was invaded by pretty much everyone even though it was originally a French colony. British and Spanish armies also intervened and every time that the people would win and take control of the island, the French would just send numerous new soldiers to retake it. Just during Napoleon's era, 50 000+ soldiers died from yellow fever only.
I would say alliances and nationalism because nationalism only encouraged countries to go to war and prove that they were the best most powerful country around and in terms of WWI, nationalism led to strong dedication to the army and just keep most countries in the war longer than they should have been in it. Alliances were significant in the exact beginning of the war and the scale to which the war was fought. The many (secret) alliances led to austria-hungary and Serbia to sorta threaten each other, which brought Germany in, then France, etc.
That the constitution gave too much power to the federal government. Anti-federalist wanted individual states to have power over the government due to fear of a tyranical government