IPSPs are the result of:
a. decreasing membrane conductance to sodium
b. decreasing membrane conductance to potassium
c. inhibitory neurotransmitter entering the postsynaptic cell
d. neurotransmitter binding to ligand-gated ion channels that are chloride selective
Answer:
d. neurotransmitter binding to ligand-gated ion channels that are chloride selective
Explanation:
IPSP refers to inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP). It occurs when the neurotransmitters released from the axon terminals of the presynaptic neurons bind to and open the chloride ion channels. This allows the entry of chloride ions into the neuron making the inside of the membrane even more negative. This does not allow firing of the action potential. The postsynaptic neuron is said to be hyperpolarized. Therefore, IPSP results from hyperpolarization of postsynaptic neurons by the opening of ion channels such as chloride channels.
Stomach with rugae
Rugae are sets of ridges formed by
folding of the wall of an organ. The stomach rugae exist in the mucosal and
submucosal layers of the stomach. They function through the action of
mechanoreceptors which provide contraction and allow the stomach to expand when
a bolus enters it. By this action, there is increase in the surface area of the
stomach for nutrient absorption during digestion.
A.) Angiosperms have flowers that attract organisms like insects, which aid in fertilization.
Answer: It is Hypertonic solution.
Explanation:
Hypertonic solution is a solution in which the the solutes Concentration outside the cells is greater than solute concentration inside the cell. When a cell is in Hypertonic solution, water will move out of the cell and it will shrivel. The cell will shrinks or cremated and may eventually die.
