We have been given the function

We have to find the value of f(3). In order to find the same, substitute x=3 in the given function.

Now, we simplify this step by step.
First of all
. Thus, we have

Now, we can easily simplify it by PEMDAS


Therefore, the value of f(3) is 98.
Okay, here we have this:
Considering the provided information, we are going to calculate the requested value, so we obtain the following rule of three:

Solving for x:

Finally we obtain that 87.5mL of water should be used for 250g of plaster.
The expected completion time is μ = 40 weeks.
The random variable, X = 38 weeks (the probable time)
If the standard deviation is σ, then the z-score is z = (x - μ)/σ.
Let us test the given standard deviations.
When σ=1,
z = (38-40)/1 = -2
From standard tables,
P(x<=38) = P(z<=-2) = 0.0228 =2.3%
When σ=2,
z = (38*40)/2 = -1
P(x<=38) = P(z<=-1) = 0.1587 = 15.9%
When σ=4,
z = (38-40)/4 = -0.5
P(x<=38) = P(z<=-0.5) = 0.3085 = 30.9%
Answers:
z=1 => 2.3%
z=2 => 16% (approx)
z=4 => 31% (approx)