The Freedom from cruel and unusual punishment provision in the US Constitution was originally found in the English Bill of Rights.
The Americans simply wanted the land for themselves, they pushed the natives further out towards California, used them as slaves before Africans. Give me a time frame so I can answer the problem better
<span>On January 8, 1815, the British marched against New Orleans, hoping that by capturing the city they could separate Louisiana from the rest of the United States. Pirate Jean Lafitte, however, had warned the Americans of the attack, and the arriving British found militiamen under General Andrew Jackson strongly entrenched at the Rodriquez Canal. In two separate assaults, the 7,500 British soldiers under Sir Edward Pakenham were unable to penetrate the U.S. defenses, and Jackson’s 4,500 troops, many of them expert marksmen from Kentucky and Tennessee, decimated the British lines. In half an hour, the British had retreated, General Pakenham was dead, and nearly 2,000 of his men were killed, wounded, or missing. U.S. forces suffered only EIGHT KILLED and 13 wounded.</span>
Well when scientists wish to learn something, they use the scientific method. The first step is to observe something/could be a problem. Then ask a question about it. Form a hypothesis, or a possible answer to that question. These are the first steps.
Further steps include setting up an experiment and results, etc, but I think you know the rest! Hope this helps!