D. "The one absolutely unselfish friend that a man can have in this selfish world, the one that never deserts him, the one that never proves ungrateful or treacherous, is the dog."
A. "Gentlemen of the jury, a man's dog stands by him in prosperity and in poverty, in health and in sickness."
Explanation:
In this passage, the speaker tells us that the only totally unselfish friend that a man will have is his dog. This implies that every other friend (humans) are capable of betraying him at one point or another. This suggests that humans are incapable of complete loyalty.
In this passage, the speaker expands on the idea of the loyalty of the dog. He tells us that the dog is loyal in prosperity and in poverty, in health and in sickness. These are situations in which the speaker has already said men betray each other. This suggests that dogs tend to exhibit more integrity than humans.
I would say that the adjectival phrase is B. overly excited. An adjective describes a noun, so an adjectival phrase would be a phrase that describes a noun. "overly excited" describes the noun "children." "to the front" and "of the room" are prepositional phrases and "pushed" is a verb.
