-The setting is where the story takes place.
-The protagonist is the main character(s).
-Conflict is the "problem" of the story.
-Mood is the tone of the story. Can see by looking at specific words choices, such as verbs.
-Climax is the point of the story where the conflict, main idea, has hit it's peak. The "action point".
-Falling action is what happens after the climax, the wrap up and solutions of the problem.
-Resolution is the solution of the story. Goes with falling action.
-The theme is the main idea, the topic, of the story.
An affix added to the end of a word is a suffix, for example, adding the suffixes -ing or -ed to the word add.
D.
Considering that the essay is informative I would say the author would use examples to prove his point and inform the reader on property law.