You answer would Constantinople. The Muslims had cannons yo take down the city's walls.
The most correct option from those listed here is the second option: The assignment was originally due on Tuesday; however, the instructor changed the due date to Thursday.
The first and third options awkwardly have the word "however" capitalized in the middle of the sentence, and the last option uses the semicolon completely wrong (you're supposed to use it to connect two independent clauses).
Hope this helps. Do let me know if you have further questions.