One characteristic of Enlightenment that is seen in this excerpt is that people should be guided by the reason and not irrational fears, however serious they may seem to be. The protagonist/author of the diary seems to be the only cool-headed person in this terrible situation. Everybody else is freaking out, running about and screaming. He notices multiple times that nobody is making any effort to actually quench the fire. He is the one who goes to warn the king and suggests that houses should be pulled down. There is one very interesting remark about Lord Mayor, who is in a panic just like everyone else: "To the King's message he cried, like a fainting woman..." Misogyny aside, this comment shows the speaker's manly, reasonable, commendable attitude. He is an active person who does something to undo the damage, and not just a passive observer or a coward who runs away in panic.
A diary entry was a fitting form during the Enlightenment period because that was the first time that the words and opinions of a more or less ordinary person were deemed important. A diary has this risk of being a subjective collection of personal impressions. But Pepys' diary pretends to be highly objective because its author sees himself as a reasonable man, important in his own right, competent enough to keep a diary and record some important things that happen around him, to other ordinary people.
The first one means that you tried to stop feeling nervous or you tried to swallow so much that you couldn't.
The second one means that you are getting more nervous, or anxious.
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The answer you are searching for is:
Creon is Antigone's uncle in the play Antigone and is ultimately responsible for her death. Antigone is the daughter of Oedipus, whose sin of accidentally having sex with his mother is arguable responsible for the curse that appears to plague his descendants. Creon is Oedipus's brother, and is currently the king of Thebes; he is committed to maintaining the peace in his kingdom. Just prior to Creon's rule, Antigone's brothers, Eteocles and Polynices, had engaged in a bloody battle for control of Thebes. When both brothers died and Creon assumed power, Creon decreed that only Eteocles would receive a burial; Polynices would be left to rot.
Antigone disobeyed her uncle and insisted upon burying Polynices anyway. Creon did everything he could to dissuade her, but ultimately could not convince her to give up her quest to bury her brother. The central point of the play is that Antigone believes in doing what she knows to be right, whereas Creon believes in doing what is necessary to maintain the peace in Thebes. Because Creon is committed to this goal, Antigone ultimately dies, making Creon ultimately the villain of the play.
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