To understand what taxation without representation means, you need to understand the situation of the new colonists. A good video to watch would be John Green's Crash Course on Youtube, but in a short summary, it was a jab to the new colonists putting high taxes on tea. Tea was a big thing back then, and the fact the high tax was put on tea was upsetting and many colonists then came up with the slogan.
Now that I've talked a little about it, you can form your own sentence. I hoped that this helped in some way, and if you have any more questions, just message me:)
Consensus is very vital in today's society since many issues or problems would arise that would effect different people having different perspective on things. It is important that a leader could build this to create harmony in the group and solving problems would be easier.
No, this is not enough information. The results do not indicate if the changed behavior was positive or negative. If it was positive, it certainly is an indicator.
Generalizations, explanations of natural phenomena, and additional hypotheses most often come about as a result of :
Curiosity and research
Hope this helps