Answer:
D. an external locus of control
Explanation:
In psychology, there are two distinct types of locus of control including the internal and the external locus of control.
External locus of control is described as a process through which an individual feels that his or her failures or successes occur as a consequence of some external factors or reasons which is beyond his or her control, for example, unfair teachers, circumstance, prejudiced, luck, injustice, bias, fate, etc.
An individual who is experiencing an external locus of control generally feels anxious as he or she believe of not having any control over his or her life.
In the question above, Helene's lack of perceptiveness best illustrates the dangers of an external locus of control.
The answer is "these three members have different <span>value or roles in the group".
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Values refers to our own convictions that we accept are imperative both to us and society all in all. As in the above situation Bob, Mary and Tom have different and their own roles and values in the group.
The Enlightment writers fought for the rights of citizens and against the social and economical mechanisms of the Ancient Regime and the feudalism.
On the first hand, they established the fight for Reason and for the scientific methods as the ways to build knowledge hence, breaking with dogmatic beliefs, superstitions or extreme religious ideas.
It is important to highlight as well the ideas developed by Rousseau in his work <em>The social contract</em>, were he appointed that the citizens should be the ones legitimized to grant the power to the rulers of a state through suffrage. Therefore he supported popular sovereignty and suffrage. This sharply contradicted the absolute monarchy system that was the status quo in most European countries when the Enlightment ideas emerged .
Also, the idea of the division of powers was developed by Montesquieu. He stated that 3 branches of powers should be created in the goverment of each states: legislative, executive and judiciary, together with a system that prevents any of them from gathering too much power and ending up overruling the others.
Finally, the Enlighment claimed for basic human and civil rights: suffrage, freedom of speech, freedom of association, private property, etc. The first right declaration were written based on these ideas.
