Enlightenment ideals propagated by the French were influential in causing the American Revolution, and the success of the Americans inspired the French Revolutionaries. ... While not recognized as a 'cause' of the French Revolution, it is clear that the U.S. move for Independence from Britain changed history.
What passage? No one can help you without complete information
I think it would be ( They mainly stayed out of sight, but were in complete control of all matters big and small.) hope this helps.
The South was fighting a defensive war. The confederates prefer a defensive doctrine to defeat the numerically superior Union forces and to invite foreign powers especially Great Britain in their side thus winning the war against the Union forces in the American civil war.