The Nathaniel Nawthorne novel that most famously deals with the effects of guilt is The Scarlet Letter.
Explanation:
The Scarlet Letter is a book by Nathaniel Hawthorne published in the United States in 1850. The story is set in the seventeenth-century Salem (Massachusetts), colonized by Puritans from England. It tells the story of Hester Prynne, a woman accused of adultery and sentenced to wear on his chest a letter "A", of adulteress. Hester refuses to reveal the identity of her daughter's father, and tries to live with dignity in an unjust and hypocritical society.
In it, the Supreme Court unanimously ruled that states are required under the Sixth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution to provide an attorney to defendants in criminal cases who are unable to afford their own attorneys.
