1,2, and 4 would be indirect. 3 would be direct.
<span>Tom's surprise is a good example of irony since he has lived his whole life in sin and shouldn't be so startled to see the devil, the very embodiment of sin, in front of him. His surprise also conveys the idea that either Tom has very little self-awareness about his own spiritual self, or he simply doesn't care.</span>
Start with the main topic and then break into sub categories
Ex:
Subject : cat meme
Sub: how did cat meme start
Sub: what are cat meme
Sub: how to make your own cat meme
Conclusion and thesis
The verb phrase is future-tense
