About The Athens: Athens is the capital of Greece. It was also at the heart of Ancient Greece, a powerful civilization and empire. The city is still dominated by 5th-century BC landmarks, including the Acropolis, a hilltop citadel topped with ancient buildings like the colonnaded Parthenon temple. The Acropolis Museum, along with the National Archaeological Museum, preserves sculptures, vases, jewelry and more from Ancient Greece.
About The Sparta: Sparta was a prominent city-state in ancient Greece. In antiquity, the city-state was known as Lacedaemon, while the name Sparta referred to its main settlement on the banks of the Eurotas River in Laconia, in south-eastern Peloponnese.
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The French were infuriated at Jay’s Treaty•Instead of fighting France, Adams sent envoys to try to make peace with France•The envoys were met with bribes, but refused what would be called the XYZ affair•Adams was able to restrict fighting to the West Indies7.Describe the poisonous political atmosphere that produced the Alien and Sedition Acts andthe Kentucky and Virginia resolutions.•The Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans despised each other, and theFederalist Congress wanted them out of the country•The Alien Laws made it legal to deport “dangerous” foreigners, most of them poorDemocratic Republicans•The Sedition Act made it illegal for someone to speak out against the government, adirect encroachment of the rights in the Bill of Rights•The reaction was the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions made it possible to nullifyCongressional decisions8.Describe the contrasting membership and principles of the Hamiltonian Federalists and theJeffersonian Republicans, and how they laid the foundations of the American political partysystem.•The Democratic-Republicans believed in states’ rights, a Franco-American Alliance,a strict interpretation of the Constitution, and the removal of the national bank•The Federalists supported Hamilton’s financial policies, favored loose interpretationof the Constitution, and enjoyed a more powerful federal government•This set the stage for the political parties’ arguments during the election of 1800
Dynastic cycle (traditional Chinese: 朝代循環; simplified Chinese: 朝代循环; pinyin: Cháodài Xúnhuán) is an important political theory in the Chinese history. According to this theory, each dynasty in Chinese history, rises to a political, cultural, and economic peak and then, because of moral corruption, declines, loses the Mandate of Heaven, and falls, only to be replaced by a new dynasty. The cycle then repeats under a surface pattern of repetitive motifs.[1]
It sees a continuity in Chinese history from early times to the present by looking at the succession of empires or dynasties, implying that there is little basic development or change in social or economic structures.[2] John K. Fairbank expressed the doubts of many historians when he wrote that "the concept of the dynastic cycle... has been a major block to the understanding of the fundamental dynamics of Chinese history."[3]
I believe the answer is democracy ^^
