It would be "rope" that led to the closing of the open range, as farmers started to close off their land to other people and cattle. Barbed wire was not generally used.
The letter D is why it started
Answer:
It held a virtual monopoly on trade between Europe and Asia as it controlled many of the trade routes. ... It gained control of most land routes to East Asia.
Answer:
The causes were that there was lack of money. There were huge debts from the Revolutionary War. The government paid the soldiers that fought in the war a worthless amount. It removed the influence of Articles of Confederation from citizens/people.