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The phylogenetic tree shown here displays the major clades of chordates.
Which statements about the phylogenetic tree are true?
A) Organism (c) is a common ancestor of lampreys and lungfishes.
B) Birds and ray-finned fishes have a notochord and jaws.
C) Lancelets and coelacanths are more closely related than are chimaeras and coelacanths.
D) Mammals and turtles are more closely related than are lungfishes and sharks.
E) Rays and frogs have vertebrae.
F) Descendants of organism (d) have limbs with digits.
G) Hagfishes, lungfishes, and frogs have lobed fins.
H) Organism (a) is a common ancestor of all chordates.
Answer:
B, D, F, E, H.
Explanation:
A phylogenetic tree is a diagram representing evolutionary relations between species. Phylogenetic trees are not conclusive evidence nor theories. In a phylogenetic tree the pattern of branching illustrates how organisms or other groups developed from a set of similar ancestors.
Some of the examples of phylogenetic tree are as following:
- A notochord and jaws includes in birds and ray-finned fishes.
- Mammals and tortoises are closer to one another than lungfish and sharks are.
- Organic Descendants (d) have wings.
- Rays and frogs are columned vertebrally.
- A shared ancestor of all chordates is the organism (a).
Hence, the true options are B, D, F, E, H.
