The answer is 'by not fulfilling expectations'. The other options don't really surprise the reader, and if the plot is going into one direction, and then what you'd expect to happen doesn't actually happen, you are surprised, and the element of irony is achieved.
This is a thought-provoking letter written by Kurt Vonnegut opposing the idea of burning books of young children, in view of transforming the system of education in America.
Explanation:
In this letter, Vonnegut starts telling audience/readers the ideas that can have a negative effect, not only on the target person/individual, but also on a wider range because of its effect being new and historic.
Though in view of a change, Vonnegut argues that this act of burning books is not what we all should accept. In Paragraphs 7 and 8, when Vonnegut explains about how people feel it is their right to decide what their children must read, the author explains to them that it is true but doing that in an un-American way - harsh, impractical, ignorant manner can cause a negative impact for them.
In the next point of argument, author talks about how people/nations who didn't read books, didn't let ideas emerge among people fought wars. They created destruction all over world. The author clearly states that people/nations who read books have been a part of development, improvement and liberation.
I personally think that the answer would be C
Answer:
As a city upon a hill
Explanation:
This is a reference to Biblical scripture. God said that HIs people (Christians) were as a city upon a hill. This means that we are an example of Christ before the whole world.
