The type of error is Option B: A collective noun is given a plural verb. The revision that fixes this error is Option B: The committee debates funding carefully.
Explanation:
In American English collective nouns can be either plural or singular, it depends on the context and whether the actors who are part of the committee in this instance are acting in unison at doing something, or all participating to accomplish the same goal. In this case it is a collective noun acting in the singular because the members of the committee are all debating together, it is presumed at the same time and in the same space in this sentence. Therefore the verb should be in the singular form "The committee debates." Other nouns that are collective are jury, family, and team, for example.
