When the Etruscan rule weakened, the Romans rebelled, driving the Etruscan kings out of Rome.After the expulsion of the Etruscans, the monarchy became a republic.
It was a mixture of various reasons, although for the Spanish and Portuguese it was a question of reaching India for spice trades after the embargo instated on them by the Ottoman Turks.
The Portuguese went around Africa, and the Spanish tried sailing west across the barren ocean, and accidentally discovered America through Columbus.
