The correct answer is Quorum. The term is used all over the world in all types of parliaments, from high politics to simple things like municipal governments. The quorum size changes based on the type of legislature, since changing the constitution for example requires a larger quorum than changing normal laws.
Generally speaking, political machines resorted to "corrupt" tactics to maintain control, since bribing people with either jobs or money to secure their vote is highly unethical.
One human rights issue in the world today is racism. Racism is a problem because people are being discriminated and killed due to the color of their skin. One way I can do to help is accept others despite their personal differences and treat them with respect.
Hope this helps!
