To understand the end of Reconstruction, it's important to take the following facts into account:
1872: The General Amnesty Act was passed by the Congress. This act removed restrictions placed upon Confederate officials.
1873: the Fourteenth Amendment was scarcely interpreted in the Slaughterhouse cases. This meant that state law was violationg individuals' civil rights.
1875: The Civil Rights Act of this year, which allowed black people to be part of a jury and which didn't allow racial discrimination in public places, was eventually not enforced.
Finally in 1876 the idea of the Reconstruction was left aside by both parties and in 1883 the Civil Rights Act was declared unconstitutional.
Allof these reasons, caused the end of the Reconstruction and made Republicans forsake black people, finally causing the infringement of civil rights and full segregation.
The Senate, it has several powers assigned exclusively to it. It includes the power to initiate revenue bills, impeach federal officials ans ELECT the President in the case of an electoral college tie.
