Answer:
Chromosomes are coiled structures made of DNA and proteins. They contain genes, which basically code for proteins. Chromosomes form after DNA replicates. In other words, chromosomes form as DNA becomes foiled during the process of prophase I, thus creating chromosomes.
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Answer:
Humoral immunity involves <u>B cells</u> and<u> recognize antigens or pathogens in the lymph or blood.</u>
Explanation:
Humoral immunity is defined as the immunity which is mediated by several macromolecules presnet in the extracellular fluids such as antibodies, certain antimicrobial peptides, and complement proteins.
Humoral immunity allows to distinguishes two groups of foreign substances. it involves <u>B cells</u> and<u> recognize antigens or pathogens in the lymph or blood. </u>
Humoral immunity begins when an antigens bind to B cells. Interleukins or helper T cells provides a secondary signal to the B cells that activates a B cell and allows B cell proliferation. which roduces produce plasma cells. The plasma cell then produces antibodies which are identical to the specific antigen. The antibodies are the released and circulate through the body, binding to antigens. B cells the further produces memory cellss for future immunity.
So, Humoral immunity involves <u>B cells</u> and<u> recognize antigens or pathogens in the lymph or blood.</u>
According to some research it is estimated that about 20% of americans of the age of 12 are infected with the human papilloma virus.
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Answer - Ground water erosion is a type of carbonic acidic water. That goes into the holes thru the soil and pretty much cracks thru rocks.
