It begins in the high mountains of Tibet (southwestern China), flowing northwest through the Jammu & Kashmir region of India and Pakistan, then generally south through Pakistan, ending in the Arabian Sea. The Indus, through a series of dams and canals, provides much of the irrigation and power for central Pakistan.
I hope this helps! :)
"To accommodate for lack of dependable rainfall" would be the best option as to why the ancient Chinese organized large groups of people to build and maintain irrigation systems, since when rainfall would not come for long periods of time, the crops would likely die without proper irrigation.
The middle passage was the transporting of slaves from Africa to America. Many slaves perished on this journey due to the conditions.
Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of
Solomon