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Pope Urban II Pope Urban II was a main contributer in the First Crusade. He was born in 1035 and died in 1099 and was pope between the years of 1088 to 1099. He was the major force of power in the church.
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The night-long bombardment of Fort McHenry by British ships inspired the "Star-Spangled Banner" since its author and composer was so impressed with the fact that the American flag was still flying.
Essentially the Scientific Revolution contributed to the progress, reason, andfraternal aspects of the Enlightenment. Through debunking long held superstitious / religious beliefs, producing a secular body of reasoned work, and by creating a network of learned fraternal Scientific Societies, who not only collaborated in theoretical fields, but in the application of new discoveries to practical and commercial purposes, along with offering libraries of the latest Scientific papers and lecturers. Enabling and funding further investigation, in a meritocratic circle eg. the Lunar Society of Birmingham.
Worth noting, the Agricultural revolution, which was applying scientific method to food production, was also vital as its gains freed manpower for the new urban mines and factories.
<em>"The Spanish, by contrast, were more exploitative, choosing to harvest the wealth of the land and ship it back home. As a result of these two approaches, it was the English colonies which tended to become more prosperous. Today, the United States, which began as thirteen English colonies, is the wealthiest nation on earth. But at the time of colonization, exploitation resulted in short-term benefit for Spain. The 16th century was the time of the Spanish conquistadors (conquerors). Chief among them were Hernán Cortés and Francisco Pizarro. Many do not realize the two men were second cousins (I didn't). But both were successful (the most successful of the conquistadors) at completing the missions they set out to. With inferior numbers, each separately brought down the two most powerful empires in the New World at that time."</em>
-https://historiarex.com/e/en/376-cortes-and-pizarro