The best answer is C) The use of children and teenagers as soldiers in armed conflict.
Ishmael Beah's harrowing story, A Long Way Gone, is about his experience as a child soldier in Sierra Leone following his capture and imprisonment. His story touches on many themes and widespread problem, but the capture, brainwashing, and difficult task of rehabilitating child soldiers is the main problem addressed.
Chaucer's character of the Pardoner is a man who's work is tricking people of their money by allowing them to touch a supposedly "holy" bone that is really from a normal animal. The Pardoner is wealthy from swindling people out of their money by promising them pardon for their sins and get them entrance into heaven if they gave their money to him. He has a nice hat and a wallet full of money or pardons as Chancer sarcastically refers to it.
I believe it means self government. If I remember right from that book, there was basically no government, so that means they had to take care of themselves because of no food, water, etc (until the end of course). I hope this helped. I wasn't too sure about this question, so hopefully its right!