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dmitriy555 [2]
3 years ago
12

What is the effect on a plate when a slab sinks

Biology
1 answer:
mestny [16]3 years ago
3 0
The slab sinks faster and this pulls on the rest of the plate, continuing plate tectonics. Mantle convection creates the instability that allows plate tectonics to get going and helps a little, but it's not thought to be the main driving force
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Are RNAs processed before translation is able to occur in Prokaryotes? Do only mRNAs undergo processing and maturation in Eukary
raketka [301]

Answer: RNAs are not processed before translation in prokaryotes, this process only takes place in eukaryotes.

Explanation:

Messenger RNA or mRNA is a single-straded ribonucleic acid that transfers the genetic information from the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecule of the cell nucleus to a ribosome (which are the machinery responsible for protein synthesis) in the cytoplasm. mRNA determines the order in which the amino acids of a protein will be joined and acts as a template or pattern for the synthesis of that protein. To accomplish this, the DNA molecule must be transcribed into an RNA molecule, which is used for protein synthesis.

The messenger RNA obtained after transcription is known as primary transcribed RNA or precursor RNA or pre-mRNA, which in most cases is not released from the transcription complex in a fully active form, but in eukaryotes it must undergo modifications before it can perform its function (RNA processing or maturation). These modifications include:

  • Elimination of fragments (splicing): In most cases, the <u>mRNA undergoes the removal of internal, non-coding sequences called introns, and the connection of exons. This does not occur in prokaryotic cells</u>, as they do not have introns in their DNA.
  • Protection by CAP: <u>Addition to the 5' end of the structure called "cap" or "capping"</u>, which is a modified guanine nucleotide, 7-methylguanosine triphosphate, via a 5'-5' triphosphate linkage, instead of the usual 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage. This cap is necessary for the normal RNA translation process and to maintain its stability.
  • Polyadenylation signal: <u>Addition to the 3' end of a poly-A tail, a long polyadenylate sequence, whose bases are all adenine</u>. Its addition is mediated by a sequence or polyadenylation signal (AAAAAA), located 11-30 nucleotides upstream of the original 3' end. This tail protects the mRNA from degradation, and increases its half-life in the cytosol, so that more protein can be synthesized.

The mature mRNA (in eukaryotes) is transferred to the cytosol of the cell through pores in the nuclear envelope. Once in the cytoplasm, ribosomes are coupled to the mRNA. However, in prokaryotes, ribosome binding occurs while the mRNA strand is being synthesized. After a certain amount of time, the mRNA is degraded into its component nucleotides by ribonucleases. So, the transcription and translation processes are carried out in a similar way as in eukaryotic cells but they occur simultaneously. But, the fundamental difference is that, in prokaryotes, the messenger RNA does not undergo a maturation process and, therefore, no cap or tail is added and no introns are removed. Moreover, it does not have to leave the nucleus as in eukaryotes, because in prokaryotic cells there is no defined nucleus.

So, RNAs are not processed before translation in prokaryotes, this process only takes place in eukaryotes.

6 0
2 years ago
Which of the following are represented by upper and lower case letters
zimovet [89]
The answer B. Chromosomes
4 0
3 years ago
The study of biodiversity is called
kicyunya [14]
Biological diversity. It studies all living organisms and how they interact with each other and their environment.
7 0
3 years ago
All of the following are evidence supporting the theory of plate tectonics except for ______
crimeas [40]

D or aka changes in the moons orbit

Hope this helps you

3 0
3 years ago
One of the reasons you might struggle to lift a heavy object with your arm fully extended is because:_______.
klasskru [66]

Answer:

the overlapping decreases between the thin and thick filaments.

Explanation:

When w extend our hand or arm to the full and try to lift any heavy object, we are unable to lift the object inspite of applying all our force. We struggle hard to lift the object with our fully extended arm because when we extend our arm fully it decreases the overlapping of our thin and the thick filaments of our muscles which makes it difficult to lift. In other words, the resting length of our arm is the optimal length to generate force.

4 0
2 years ago
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