it is the 3rd one. "Balance is achieved by using a variety of lines, shapes, and colors"
Most Greek sculptures were originally colored. In some cases, the color was even actively scrubbed off.
Brueghel's Great Fish-Market, dating back from the year 1603, comprises many elements of Mannerist landscape painting. Presented in a panorama view, the picture opens up across a downward-sloping foreground overflowing with tens of people grouped around the stalls and booths of a fish market, with a beautiful blue sky in the background, that merges with the sea.
I would say the Sumerians the developed a lot of modern tech and ideas for the time include sail boats, astronomy, codes of law, a numerical system, advanced water systems and most importantly a written language. The akkadian in general took these innovations from the Sumerians and used them as their own. The akkadians did eventually form the 1st "empire," which lead to the extinguishing of Sumerian culture, but most or the of their technologically was taken from the sumerians. So I would say deff the Sumerians. The akkadians simply stole and/or built on Sumerian tech
