The states and the congress. If a constitutional amendment is going to be ratified, first it has to get votes of support from 2/3 of both the house of representatives and the senate, after which it goes on voting in individual states, and if 3/4 of states ratify it then it becomes an official amendment of the constitution.
The top dogs were Peninsulares. They were Spaniards born in Spain.
Second are the Creoles, (Europeans+African Americans/Africans=Creole). The third were the Mestizos & Mulattoes. Mestizos;Native Americans mixed w/ Spaniards & Mulattoes were White & Black).
At the very bottom of the Spanish social class were Native Americans & slaves.
Hi. I think the details of what the author said were not included in your post. I researched and found similar question but with the additional information. Here's my answer:
According to the author, the conditions in Europe during 800's was chaotic. The Frankish Empire was disintegrated to federation of feudal lords, Church did not have power, knights forcing the peasants to pay taxes. Muslims controlled Spain.
<span>The main means in which humanism denied feudal attitudes in the direction of Christianity was that it factually put the importance back on persons themselves, and it spoke to the humankind and significance of the person, as opposite to the individual being just a servant of God.</span>
