Answer:
The scientific method can be defined as a set of procedures by which a scientist can propose a set of explanations for phenomena, constitution and formation of materials, etc. In general, the scientific method can have the following steps:
1 - Observation
It is the stage in which the researcher observes a certain matter or phenomenon.
Researcher performing the observation step
Researcher performing the observation step
2 - Problem elaboration (question phase)
At this stage, the scientist or researcher asks questions about the phenomenon or material analyzed, such as:
Why does this phenomenon occur?
How does this phenomenon occur?
What are the factors that originated this phenomenon?
What is the composition of the material?
What substances form this material?
What is the importance of this material?
3 - Hypotheses
This is the stage where the researcher answers the questions asked in the previous step. These answers may be based on your prior knowledge of similar materials or phenomena.
The elaboration of the hypotheses must be done with great caution because it is through them that the experimentation phase will be carried out, that is, they will be the starting point of the experimentation.
4 - Experimentation
At this stage, experiments and bibliographical research are performed based on the hypotheses raised. The goal is to find the answer to each of the questions that have been elaborated.
Each scientist develops this step according to the knowledge that he has and the practices that are necessary to clarify each hypothesis.
5 - Analysis of the results
After the experimentation phase, the researcher analyzes each of the results to see if they are sufficient to explain each of the problems raised and also agree with the hypotheses.
If the results are not satisfactory, new hypotheses may be raised for further experimentation to occur. If the results of the experiment are satisfactory, the scientist proceeds to the conclusion stage.
6 - Conclusion
The conclusion is the stage in which the scientist verifies if the experiments and researches performed answer the questions raised and allow him to make statements about the phenomena or materials analyzed.
All statements made after using the scientific method are called theories. When different hypotheses and experiments are performed and the result is always the same, we have a law.
7 - Report
In this step, the research will need to be rewritten by its research report. The text should be written in a precise way, that is, grammatically correct, clearly phrased, terminologically accurate and aesthetically pleasing.
