Montesquieu concluded that the best form of government was one in which the legislative, executive, and judicial branches were separate and kept each other in check so that no branch became too powerful.
The concept of dividing government power into three branches was dubbed "separation of powers" by Montesquieu.
He believed it was critical to establish separate branches of government with equal but distinct powers. In this manner, the government would avoid vesting too much power in a single person or group of people. According to Montesquieu, there are three types of governments: republican governments (which can be democratic or aristocratic), monarchies, and despotisms.
Montesquieu concluded that the best form of government was one in which the legislative, executive, and judicial branches were separate and kept each other in check so that no branch became too powerful.
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Explanation:
Athenian democracy developed around the sixth century BC in the Greek city-state (known as a polis) of Athens, comprising the city of Athens and the surrounding territory of Attica. Athenian democracy is often described as the first known democracy in the world. Other Greek cities set up democracies, most following the Athenian model, but none are as well documented as Athens' democracy.
Athens practiced a political system of legislation and executive bills. Participation was far from open to all residents, but was instead limited to adult, male citizens (i.e., not a foreign resident, regardless of how many generations of the family had lived in the city, nor a slave, nor a woman), who "were probably no more than 30 percent of the total adult population".[1]
Solon (in 594 BC), Cleisthenes (in 508/7 BC), and Ephialtes (in 462 BC) contributed to the development of Athenian democracy. Cleisthenes broke up the power of the nobility by organizing citizens into ten groups based on where they lived, rather than on their wealth. The longest-lasting democratic leader was Pericles. After his death, Athenian democracy was twice briefly interrupted by oligarchic revolutions towards the end of the Peloponnesian War. It was modified somewhat after it was restored under Eucleides; the most detailed accounts of the system are of this fourth-century modification, rather than the Periclean system. Democracy was suppressed by the Macedonians in 322 BC. The Athenian institutions were later revived, but how close they were to a real democracy is debatable.
The correct answer should be the constitution because nobody is above the constitution. There are rules there on how the government is chosen, how it is changed, how it is kept in check, and if something is unconstitutional it is banned instantly by courts, and the government can't do anything that goes against the constitution.
