Answer:
Irish and German Immigration. In the middle half of the nineteenth century, more than one-half of the population of Ireland emigrated to the United States. So did an equal number of Germans. Most of them came because of civil unrest, severe unemployment or almost inconceivable hardships at home.
Explanation: :)
The "old" immigrants often had property and skills, while the "new" immigrants tended to be unskilled workers. Southern and Eastern Europe.
Grace period seems correct