Answer:
One major problem that has resulted from globalization in the 20th and 21st century is that the diseases are able to spread around the world more quickly. Globalization has reached a point that the problems of one country are likely to affect the whole world since the world is nowadays like a global village
The invention and creation of the telegraph made a faster and cheaper method to send information across the nation, The Pony Express ended because of an advance in technology.
I believe that the movement and faith you're referring to here is Christianity.
One of the major beliefs in Judaism is that Messiah will come: and the new movement believes that the Messiah has come, and that this is Jesus Christ.
The old belief was not to be reconciled with the new one (how can one wait for the Messiah if he has come already?) and the new movement had to split out: today it's the religion, Christianity.
The correct answer is Moscow.
Each of the described can be found in Moscow, Russia.
