Answer:
D
Explanation:
l l
l
l-----------------------------------------l
Explanation:
Empowering the police to monitor citizens at all times
The first police shortly created after the overthrow of the Tsarist regime, would be an instrument to be used in a totalitarian command
The secret police of Stalin NKVD was a force that drew later under Stalin the totalitarian policy most scandalous for carrying out Stalin's Purges.
The secret police was mostly used for securing that Stalin would stay in power indefinitely,
The alleged national security and their aims were far beyond and contributed for cruel work camps, famines and social engineering.
They wanted to create conditions for a new socialist system to born.
Stalin also used the NKVD for eliminating close people to him when he became suspicious.
Periodically he will use systematically "cleaning lists" for setting a quota of people to be killed.
There was a lot of impact on slaves in the south rather than the north
In McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) the Supreme Court ruled that Congress had implied powers under the Necessary and Proper Clause
of Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution to create the Second Bank
of the United States and that the state of Maryland lacked the power to
tax the Bank. Arguably Chief Justice John Marshall's
finest opinion, McCulloch not only gave Congress broad discretionary
power to implement the enumerated powers, but also repudiated, in
ringing language, the radical states' rights arguments presented by
counsel for Maryland.
At issue in the case was the constitutionality of the act of Congress
chartering the Second Bank of the United States (BUS) in 1816. Although
the Bank was controlled by private stockholders, it was the depository
of federal funds. In addition, it had the authority to issue notes
that, along with the notes of states' banks, circulated as legal tender.
In return for its privileged position, the Bank agreed to loan the
federal government money in lieu of taxes. State banks looked on the
BUS as a competitor and resented its privileged position. When state
banks began to fail in the depression of 1818, they blamed their
troubles on the Bank. One such state was Maryland, which imposed a
hefty tax on "any bank not chartered within the state." The Bank of the
United States was the only bank not chartered within the state. When
the Bank's Baltimore branch refused to pay the tax, Maryland sued James
McCulloch, cashier of the branch, for collection of the debt. McCulloch
responded that the tax was unconstitutional. A state court ruled for
Maryland, and the court of appeals affirmed. McCulloch appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, which reviewed the case in 1819.
