I would say:
<span>C. love endures despite family hardship
- - -
This is evident because the family is going through a very hard time, but Frankenstein doesn't understand why they are so sad when they have a home and family. He sees his reflection and sees how ugly he is, but he still can't help being good.
</span>
the first one because it shows how massive our amount of garbage is and will be in the future
An adjective clause functions as an adjective, that is, it gives some information about a noun in a sentence (or a pronoun) ( information which is not an action).
The noun modified here is "knife" and the information about the knife, that is the complete adjective clause is "<span> that his dad gave him.
"</span>