There were several reasons that Lincoln announced and implemented the Emancipation Proclamation at the end of 1862, early 1863. His basic goal was to turn the war from a political focus to a morally based focus. First, Lincoln was in a difficult situation, militarily. The North has lost most of the battles that had been fought, and many Northerners were beginning to grumble about the war. Lincoln hoped that the change to a moral focus on slavery would cement Northern support. In addition, several European countries, including England and France, were considering formal recognition of the Confederacy. <span />
It was primarily the "Gulf of Tonkin Resolution" that gave President Johnson the authority to increase U.S. involvement in Vietnam, since this was basically a report that two US ships has sustained enemy fire in the region.
The fertility and the environment in the Andes make it more suitable for beans, tubers, and grains. Crops grown in the Pampas include a much wider variety.