The Chaldean Empire began on 605 B.C. and they claimed many lands that once belonged to the Assyrians, but Egypt was not one of them.
By the time that the Chaldean Empire started, it also started an alliance between the Assyrians and Egyptians to fight the Babylonians.
They both had their armies destroyed. Assyria was never to be recognized again as an independent power and Egypt retreated, becoming insignificant for a while.
Egypt used Greek mercenaries to get rid of the domain that the Assyrians had over them and they did go through a prosper time, but it for the Persians to show up and dominate them in the 500s B.C.
By God, Gold, and Glory, I assume you mean them as three reasons for exploration. Spreading monotheistic religion (I.e. God) was a common reason for exploration due to the large influence religion (especially Christianity) had on people. Many explorers were missionaries, who attempted to convert people from all over the world to their religion. Secondly, gold (or wealth) was another reason for exploration. Everyone in the past wanted wealth just as much as people today wanted wealth, so the promise of it was almost certain to get people to go and explore (see the California Gold Rush as an example.) Finally, glory was the last major reason for exploration. Everyone wanted to be famous for something as much as people today do, and what better way to do that than to discover a place not yet documented on a map? People who got back form exploration alive were often treated as heroes, mainly because of the kinds of things they had to endure during their trip.
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Connecting past and present helps you see how humans have chosen to deal with conflict, which can lead to war, political debate, neighborhood riots, discrimination, etc. But also linking past and present helps us see how humans have solved any problems they have come across. Whether it be an economic issue, something that effects many people, or a personal issue.