China was itself an established empire and could not be conquered the same way as they did Africa and India.
What you are saying is basically equal to saying why not land in England (during that period) and turn everyone into slaves.
Since that is impossible, establishing spheres of influence allows major powers to break China from the inside.
The major powers of europe, Japan, and America ganging up on china during those days is the main reason behind China's firm foreign policy today.
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Explanation:
When analyzed as history, the Mao Zedong era (1949–1978) looks different than it did when scrutinized by social scientists. Ever since the founding of the People’s Republic, contemporary observers have identified an underlying reality at odds with the goals and policies pursued by top leaders in Beijing. That underlying reality, scholars found, was characterized by conflict, tension, and variation. Factionalism divided bureaucratic institutions; mass campaigns failed to achieve their aims; local officials subverted policies; groups pursued their own interests. In other words, state control was not always total or centralized but at times appeared limited and tenuous.
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Civil wars. Probably the most important single cause of Byzantium's collapse was its recurrent debilitating civil wars. Three of the worst periods of civil war and internal infighting took place during Byzantium's decline.
Explanation:
For the same reason many others were. There were many people who believed that they should have the right to rule the country which led to a lot of infighting. This was common for countries that gain independence, especially in Africa where tribes still fight for control nowadays even though the age of colonization is over.
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both were fear and it was the logical sense of the fact that they have been afraid of the "Hun" so why shouldnt they be afraid of the reds.
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