Answer:
When a cell divides by way of meiosis, it produces four cells, called gametes. Gametes are more commonly called sperm in males and eggs in females. Unlike in mitosis, the gametes produced by meiosis are not clones of the original cell, because each gamete has exactly half as many chromosomes as the original cell.
Explanation:
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Answer:
A. Only L-amino acids (except for glycine) are used in proteins.
B. The partial double bond character of the α-C-N bond in the peptide group limits the conformations of the peptide group.
C. Hydrogen bonding within elements of secondary structure stabilize certain atomic geometries.
D. Although any one of 20 amino acids is possible at each position, only one is used.
Explanation:
Proteins are biomolecules composed of one or more chains of amino acid residues which are joined together by peptide bonds (this sequence represents the primary structure of the protein). Proteins are made up of 20 types of amino acids which have diverse properties. The secondary structure of a protein refers to the local structure of the protein backbone, which is stabilized by hydrogen bonding between amino groups (—NH2) and carboxyl groups (—COOH) in neighboring areas of the protein. The most common secondary structures in proteins include alpha helices, beta sheets, and random turns. Moreover, the tertiary structure in proteins describes the packing of these secondary structures. The peptide bond (CO–NH) is a stable covalent bond that has a rigid planar structure and acquires partial double-bond properties, thereby peptide bonds undergo very little rotation (i.e., rotation around peptide bonds is restricted). With the exception of glycine, all amino acids are stereoisomers, i.e., there exist mirror images of their structures which are labeled as L (left-handed) and D (right-handed) in order to differentiate between mirror images. All amino acids in proteins have the L-configuration.
They would most likely be metamorphic. "Lava" refers to magma (molten rock) that has reached the surface, igneous rock is sourced from magma and lava, and sedimentary rocks are formed at the Earth's surface.
Answer:
those cause by bacteria
Explanation:
Antibiotics fight bacterial infections either by killing bacteria or slowing and suspending its growth. They do this by: attacking the wall or coating surrounding bacteria. interfering with bacteria reproduction.
The environment that will have a negative impact on both cells with a cell wall and cells without a cell wall is the hypertonic environment.
<h3>What is a cell wall?</h3>
A cell wall is defined as the flexible outer layer of the cell that provides protection for the cell from any physical or chemical stress.
A hypertonic fluid environment is the type of fluid that is highly concentrated than the cell.
Therefore, when a clear is placed in a hypertonic environment, through the process of osmosis, water moves out of the cell.
This affects also cells that do not possess cell wall.
Therefore, the environment that will have a negative impact on both cells with a cell wall and cells without a cell wall is the hypertonic environment.
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